Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

Objectives This study aims to review the evidence of sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among nursing home residents.

Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Data sources PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant articles. Participants Nursing home residents. Primary and secondary outcome measures All-cause mortality. Data analysis Summary-adjusted HRs or risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by fixed-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results Of 2292 studies identified through the systematic review, six studies (1494 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality among nursing home residents (pooled HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.42 to 2.45, p 2 =0). In addition, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that sarcopenia was associated with all-cause mortality (pooled HR 1.87,95% CI 1.38 to 2.52, p

Conclusion Sarcopenia is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat sarcopenia to reduce mortality rates among nursing home residents. Prospero registration number CRD42018081668.