Utjecaj izvora hrane nitrata, polifenola, L-arginina i L-citrulina na performanse vježbanja izdržljivosti: sistematski pregled i meta-analiza randomiziranih kontroliranih studija.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Sažetak istraživanja
Pozadina Povećanje bioraspoloživosti dušikovog oksida može izazvati fiziološke efekte koji poboljšavaju performanse vježbanja izdržljivosti. Ovaj pregled je imao za cilj procijeniti učinak na performanse konzumiranja hrane koja sadrži spojeve koji mogu promovirati bioraspoloživost dušikovog oksida. Pretražene su metode Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, EMBASE i SportDiscus, sa uključenim studijama koje procjenjuju učinak izdržljivosti nakon konzumiranja hrane koja sadrži nitrate, L-arginin, L-citrulin ili polifenole. Provedena je meta-analiza slučajnih efekata, sa analizama podgrupa na osnovu izvora hrane, pola, fitnesa, tipa testa performansi i protokola suplementacije (npr. trajanje).
Rezultati Sto osamnaest studija je uključeno u metaanalizu, koja je obuhvatila 59 studija polifenola, 56 studija nitrata i tri studije L-citrulina. Nije identifikovan nikakav uticaj na performanse vežbanja nakon konzumiranja hrane bogate L-citrulinom (SMD=-0,03, p=0,24). Trivijalne, ali značajne koristi su pokazane za konzumaciju hrane bogate nitratima i polifenolima (SMD=0,15 i 0,17, respektivno, p 2max ≥65 ml.kg.min -1) pokazuju male, značajne koristi nakon konzumiranja polifenola, ali ne i nitrata.
Zaključak Hrana bogata polifenolima i nitratima pruža trivijalne prednosti za izvođenje vježbi izdržljivosti, iako ovi efekti mogu ovisiti o hrani. Izgleda da visoko obučeni sportisti izdržljivosti nemaju koristi od konzumiranja hrane bogate nitratima, ali mogu imati koristi od konzumiranja polifenola. Dalja istraživanja izvora hrane, doziranja i trajanja suplemenata kako bi se optimizirao ergogeni odgovor na konzumaciju polifenola je opravdana. Daljnje studije trebale bi procijeniti da li se različiti spolno zasnovani odgovori na konzumaciju nitrata i polifenola mogu pripisati fiziološkim razlikama ili ograničenjima veličine uzorka. Ostalo Protokol za reviziju je registrovan u okviru Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/u7nsj ) i nije bilo sredstava.
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Effect of food sources of nitrate, polyphenols, L-arginine and L-citrulline on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Background Increasing nitric oxide bioavailability may induce physiological effects that enhance endurance exercise performance. This review sought to evaluate the performance effects of consuming foods containing compounds that may promote nitric oxide bioavailability.
Methods Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, EMBASE and SportDiscus were searched, with included studies assessing endurance performance following consumption of foods containing nitrate, L-arginine, L-citrulline or polyphenols. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted, with subgroup analyses performed based on food sources, sex, fitness, performance test type and supplementation protocol (e.g. duration).
Results One hundred and eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, which encompassed 59 polyphenol studies, 56 nitrate studies and three L-citrulline studies. No effect on exercise performance following consumption of foods rich in L-citrulline was identified (SMD=-0.03, p=0.24). Trivial but significant benefits were demonstrated for consumption of nitrate and polyphenol-rich foods (SMD=0.15 and 0.17, respectively, p 2max ≥65 ml.kg.min -1 ) exhibited small, significant benefits following polyphenol, but not nitrate consumption.
Conclusion Foods rich in polyphenols and nitrate provide trivial benefits for endurance exercise performance, although these effects may be food dependent. Highly trained endurance athletes do not appear to benefit from consuming nitrate-rich foods but may benefit from polyphenol consumption. Further research into food sources, dosage and supplementation duration to optimise the ergogenic response to polyphenol consumption is warranted. Further studies should evaluate whether differential sex-based responses to nitrate and polyphenol consumption are attributable to physiological differences or sample size limitations. Other The review protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/u7nsj ) and no funding was provided.
Izvorni podaci
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12970-021-00472-y
- PMID
- 34965876
- PMCID
- PMC8715640
- Provjereno
- 2026-07-26
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