Prevalencija zubnog karijesa i pridruženih faktora u istočnoj Africi, 2000-2020: Sistematski pregled i meta-analiza.
Frontiers in public health
Sažetak istraživanja
Pozadina: Zubni karijes utječe na žvakanje, rast i razvoj, te pohađanje škole i ima dugotrajan psihološki učinak na oboljele osobe. U zemljama u razvoju, prevalencija zubnog karijesa raste zbog sve veće potrošnje slatke hrane, loših navika pranja zuba i niskog nivoa svijesti o zubnom karijesu. Čak i ako je postojala visoka prevalencija zubnog karijesa u subsaharskoj Africi, postoji mali broj podataka o prevalenci zubnog karijesa u istočnoj Africi. Stoga je ova studija imala za cilj utvrditi prevalenciju zubnog karijesa i pratećih faktora u istočnoj Africi. Metode: Provedena je sistematska pretraga članaka u MEDLINE-u, Scopusu i Google Scholar-u koristeći sve sinonime karijesa u objavljenoj literaturi (do decembra 2020.) u istočnoj Africi. Važni podaci su ekstrahovani korišćenjem standardizovanog obrasca za ekstrakciju podataka pripremljenog u Excel-u. Softver Stata (verzija 14.0) korišten je za izračunavanje ukupne prevalencije zubnog karijesa. Osim toga, urađena je analiza podgrupa na osnovu zemlje i tipa denticije. Nadalje, procijenjeni su pridruženi faktori karijesa i ukupni efekat je predstavljen u obliku omjera šansi. Kvalitet uključenih studija procijenjen je korištenjem priručnika za recenzente Instituta Joanna Briggs. Rezultati: Utvrđeno je da je ukupna prevalencija zubnog karijesa 45,7% (95% CI = 38,0-53,4). Skupna prevalencija bila je visoka u Eritreji (65,2%, 95% CI = 49,2-81,1), zatim Sudanu (57,8%, 95% CI = 36,0-79,7), a niska prevalencija je pronađena u Tanzaniji (30,7%, 95% CI = 21,5). Štaviše, analiza podgrupa otkrila je prevalenciju od 50% (95% CI = 38,4-62,1) u trajnoj denticiji i 41,3% (95% CI = 33,5-49,2) u mješovitoj denticiji. Ukupna srednja vrijednost karijesnih, propuštenih i punjenih trajnih (DMFT) i mliječnih (dmft) zuba iznosila je 1,941 (95% CI = 1,561-2,322) i 2,237 (95% CI = 1,293-3,181), respektivno. Visoki DMFT rezultati prijavljeni su u Sudanu (3.146, 95% CI = 1.050-5.242) i Ugandi (2.876, 95% CI = 2.186-3.565). Biti žensko (OR = 1,34, 95% CI = 1,24-1,46) i loše navike pranja zuba (OR = 1,967, 95% CI = 1,67-2,33) bili su nezavisni faktori rizika od karijesa. Zaključak: Ukupna prevalencija zubnog karijesa bila je relativno visoka. Biti žena i loša oralna zdravstvena praksa bili su nezavisni faktori rizika od karijesa. Ministarstvo zdravlja zemalja članica, zajedno sa stomatološkim udruženjima svake zemlje, treba da posveti dužnu pažnju jačanju programa oralnog zdravlja u školama i domovima zdravlja i implementaciji fluorizacije školske vode.
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Prevalence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in East Africa, 2000-2020: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Background: Dental caries affects mastication, growth and development, and school attendance and has a long-term psychological effect on affected individuals. In developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries is increasing due to the growing consumption of sugary foods, poor tooth brushing habits, and a low level of awareness about dental caries. Even if there was a high prevalence of dental caries in sub-Saharan Africa, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of dental caries in East Africa. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors in East Africa. Methods: A systematic search of articles was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar using all the synonyms of dental caries in published literature (until December 2020) in East Africa. Important data were extracted using a standardized data extraction form prepared in Excel. Stata software (version 14.0) was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of dental caries. Besides, subgroup analysis was done based on country and dentition type. Moreover, associated factors of dental caries were assessed and the overall effect was presented in the form of odds ratios. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers' manual. Results: The overall pooled prevalence of dental caries was found to be 45.7% (95% CI = 38.0-53.4). The pooled prevalence was high in Eritrea (65.2%, 95% CI = 49.2-81.1), followed by Sudan (57.8%, 95% CI = 36.0-79.7), and a low prevalence was found in Tanzania (30.7%, 95% CI = 21.5-39.9). Moreover, the subgroup analysis revealed a prevalence of 50% (95% CI = 38.4-62.1) in permanent dentition and 41.3% (95% CI = 33.5-49.2) in mixed dentition. The overall mean decayed, missed, and filled permanent (DMFT) and primary (dmft) teeth were 1.941 (95% CI = 1.561-2.322) and 2.237 (95% CI = 1.293-3.181), respectively. High DMFT scores were reported in Sudan (3.146, 95% CI = 1.050-5.242) and Uganda (2.876, 95% CI = 2.186-3.565). Being female (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.24-1.46) and having poor tooth brushing habit (OR = 1.967, 95% CI = 1.67-2.33) were independent risk factors of dental caries. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of dental caries was comparatively high. Being female and poor oral health practice were independent risk factors of dental caries. The Ministry of Health of the member countries, along with dental associations of each country, ought to offer due attention to strengthen the oral health program in schools and primary health care centers and the implementation of school water fluoridation.
Izvorni podaci
- DOI
- 10.3389/fpubh.2021.645091
- PMID
- 33996722
- PMCID
- PMC8116500
- Provjereno
- 2026-07-26
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